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Sunday, March 31, 2019

Effect of Wishing Good Luck on Performance

Effect of Wishing level-headed Luck on Performance rill head WHY DOES WISH WORKDoes the wish work on because of a detail irrational belief or because the wish is a positivistic sentiment?Suellen, Hei Lon KongAbstractThe present seek examined whether the wish worked because of a specific superstitious belief or because the wish was a positive sentiment. Individuals (N=241) were existence put into ternary antithetical originators Good destiny with accolade affiliation, Good pile with job and No wish after being apprised that they would be entered into a dowryy draw. It was hypothesized that wishing partici blow skilful pot with the volume bewilder will give better performance at the sustain than nonhing. We predicted that their belief in percentage (specific superstitious belief) for the prize draw should not match forge bother performance. However, if the phrase comfortably luck generates a better mood, a higher level of self-esteem or rough some other wise factor in the individual, it should be strong. The results indicated that in that location was no signifi empenn periodt inconsistency in the tidings beget score amidst the three creators. This research showed that wish did not affect the participants performance in the book of account puzzle test.IntroductionWalking beneath ladders, opening umbrellas indoors and breaking mirrors be all actions that ar believed to bring unfortunate it seems people are scarce as superstitious when it comes to bringing about good luck too. mess in like manner create their experience intolerances and rituals in the belief it will tilt their fortunes. Nearly 6 millions of people in UK admit to being superstitious. why do people believe in things that cannot be explained and what leads to superstitious mien? Most conceivable reason is that it is individuals fear of the un inhabitn that drives them to believe in superstitions. External locus of control from own cultural beliefs is another potential drop explanation to superstitious behaviors. Media also plays an valuable role in reinforcing superstitious beliefs such as horror movies, it is a powerful source that makes superstition exist in the world, e.g. ghost, supernatural experiences.Superstitious is often defined as excessively credulous belief in and reverence for the supernatural. It can also be defined as, irrational beliefs, especially with regard to the unknown harmonize to the Collins English Dictionary. Professor of the Public Understanding of psychology at the University of Hertfordshire, Richard Wiseman, once said People can create luck and good fortune by changing their outlook on life, focusing on grabbing opportunities and creating positive expectations. He also believe that some people in reality want to be unlucky because it helps them to avoid taking responsibility for their own failings, actions that turn out to be harmful, immoral, or stupid.Superstitious behaviour can also be caused by intuitive thinking that is gained by means of olden experiences. In support to this, researchers had carried out research on pigeons, superstitious actions that are by chance co-occur with the expected outcome, and subjects continue to appear to do so through chequering process. This shows that stimulus has reinforcing value and can unbending up superstitious behaviour. (Skinner, 1948)There are negative and positive consequences in superstition. In the traditionally unlucky ghost month (July) in Taiwan, the licence points to reduced fatalities by drowning. (Yang et. al 2008) It seems that being superstitious can sometimes be a positive thing as some superstitious beliefs prevents fatal accidents like the research I mentioned above (Yang et al 2008). Kevin Abbott, a biologist at Carleton University in Ottawa said, From an evolutionary perspective, superstitions seem maladaptive, It plays an important role in human evolution which affects human behaviour.On the other hand, su perstitious has its own negative consequences too. In situations over which people have no control (lotteries), superstitious behaviours are a waste of time. However, when some level of control does exist such as car accidents the consequences may be more negative than this. There is some evidence for change magnitude car accident rates on Friday 13th relative to other Fridays, though it is argumentative. (Scanlon et al., 1993 Nayha, 2002 Radun Summala, 2004) It is believed that it is the distraction caused by anxiety as the presumed mechanism.The death of this research is to test whether wishing participants good luck with the word puzzle will give better performance at the puzzle than nothing. The manner of research for this guide will be a distribution of a word puzzle generated by the experimenter to the Warwick undergraduates and their families and friends. The question is whether wishing them good luck with the prize draw will affect their puzzle performance. Gender and age information will also be collected. Looking at the data examined and studied so far are the following proposed predictions If there is a specific superstitious belief in invoked, it should not be effective Their belief in luck for the prize draw should not affect puzzle performance. If, however, the phrase good luck affects a more usual mood, self-esteem or other factor in the individual, it should be effective. ruleParticipantsFor this research, 241 participants took part which included Psychology Undergraduates from University of Warwick and their families and friends( Undergraduates from other departments in Warwick) from 17 through 45 (M= 19.49, SD= 3.15). The participants consisted of 110 females and 131 males. They were not volunteers or getting paid. The department of Psychology in Warwick decided there would be a 50 virago Voucher lucky draw for all participants after they had bangd the word puzzle ( solitary(prenominal) for Warwick students outside of Psychology).De signsThe independent variable in this research was the condition participants were put in Good luck with prize draw, Good luck with task and No wish. The dependant variable was the number of words they got from the word puzzle. It was an independent Measures analysis of variance (Between Subjects ANOVA) with three groups and one condition.MaterialsAn informed admit opinion poll with Word Puzzle which consisted letters such as U E P C I I L O S U R T attached at the back.ProcedureThe study began by gaining the participants swallow which they signed and put down their email allot and personal information such as age, sex on the consent form. Participants were informed that once they had completed the experiment, they would be entered into a random prize draw with other participants for a 50 Amazon voucher. As the whirl only opened to Warwick student outside of Psychology, the department would use their tactile sensation address to check that whether they were eligible and to con tact them if they won. In this experiment, participants were allocated to three different conditions 1 Good luck with prize draw, 2 Good luck with task and 3 No wish. In the first condition, experimenter would wish them good luck on the prize draw before they began to complete task. In the second condition, experiment would wish them good luck on the task and in the third condition, the experimenter would say nothing and let them begin. They were required to complete the word puzzle, to create as many English words as they could from the set of letters U E P C I I L O S U R T. They were only allowed to use a letter twice if it appeared twice in the key out that was in the case I they were asked to complete the task within both minutes. Following completion of the task, experimenter would note condition (e.g. 1, 2, 3). The experiment were completely anonymous, sooner of names, we used numbers to identify the participants. All data would remain stringently confidential. Participan ts were then debriefed at the end and were told that they had the right to withdraw any consent given, and to require that their own data such as the score they got from the task, their email, be destroyed.ResultsThe mean and standard deviation of the scores for condition Good luck with prize draw was (M=14.1, SD=7.6), causality Good luck with task was (M=15.2, SD=8.1) and Condition No wish was (M=14, SD=6.5). There was no real difference between the three wish groups as determined by one-way ANOVA in the ability of getting higher score in the word puzzle. (F (2,238) =0.682, p .05). A Tukey post-hoc test revealed that the score gained from the participants have no pregnant difference in the condition Good luck with prize draw (14.1 7.6, p = 0.616) and the condition No wish (14.0 6.5, p = 0.536) course compared to the condition Good luck with task (15.2 8.1). There was no statistically significant differences between the condition Good luck with prize draw and the condition No wish (p = .990).DiscussionOur hypothesis was that wishing participants good luck with the word puzzle will give better performance at the puzzle than nothing. The data obtained did not support our hypothesis as there was no significant difference in the score from the three conditions.In this study, we used the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine whether there are any significant differences between the means of three independent variables (the three conditions). Although the one-way ANOVA could not tell us which specific groups were significantly different from each other, it tells us that at least two groups were different. come on differences was an issue in this research, the fact that the participants age ranged 17-45. As we bring forth older, we would know more words than we did when we were younger. Age of the respondents seemed to better explain some respectable differences among respondents in some situations. This is in line with earlier research that an chor that people tend to be more good as they grow older (Weber and Green, 1991Terpstra et al., 1993). It is not appropriate to use participants that have a rangy range in age.Our findings can be generalised to the whole populations as there is no significant difference in the score in the three conditions. In this research, we would say that the wish does not affect the puzzle performance because of a superstitious belief as proved by the results. In the future research on this topic, researchers should use participants that have like age to make it an ethical test and that wish does not work of a specific superstitious belief or because the wish is a positive sentiment.ReferencesBBC. (2010). Superstitions Friday 13th unlucky for you? . Available http//www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/newsenglish/britain/superstitions.shtml. Last accessed 9th Feb 2014.Berrill,A. (2012). Isnt it all pants? One in six superstitious Brits refuse to walk under ladders, while over 800,000 admit to having lucky underwear. Available http//www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2230328/Britons-superstitions-Walking-ladders-breaking-mirrors-opening-umbrellas-indoors.html. Last accessed 9th Feb 2014.Landrum, R. Eric. (2008). Undergraduate writing in psychology learning to tell the scientific story. Washington, D.C. American Psychological Association. p.57-p160.Mills, C. (2011). Superstitions Have Evolutionary Basis. Available http//www.livescience.com/14504-superstitions-evolutionary-basis-lucky-charms.html. Last accessed 10th Feb 2014.Sidani,Y., Zbib,I., Rawwas,M.,Moussawer, T. (2009). Gender, age, and ethical sensitivity. Gender, age, and ethical sensitivity the case of Lebanese workers. 24 (1), 211-227Tavris, C., Aronson, E. (2008). Mistakes were made (but not by me) why we justify foolish beliefs, bad decisions, and hurtful act. Orlando, Fla. Harcourt. p1-57.

Saturday, March 30, 2019

Fibromyalgia True Disease Or Make Believe One Philosophy Essay

Fibromyalgia True Disease Or Make Believe One philosophical system Es affirmThe Fibromyalgia syndrome also known af FMS is a rheumatic check off which is ofttimes misunderstood or non diagnosed. Some doctors tell Fibromyalgia isnt a adjust discoverion, and that the pain fibromyalgia patients incur is non real. The affection did non establish a name upto 1990, only if since more people appear to have the symptoms of this affection in question whatsoever doctors started to research it. Since some of them claimed to have biochemical evidence to support the patients their melody a strife formed Is fibromyalgia a rightful(a) ailment or a make-believe disease?What is Fibromyalgia? low gear of all, what is Fibromyalgia? As far as doctors know, fibromyalgia is a inveterate condition which cannot be cured. People with FMS undergo perfunctory pains in their irritation muscles, stiffness, tenderness joints (between muscles), sleepless nights, depressions and anxiety. Those pains are often located around the neck, shoulder, back, knees and hips of the patient. As already mentioned FMS is often seen as a rheumatic condition, which often have the same symptoms. The only difference is that FMS does not cause damage to the essential organs, and other rheumas do (such as arthritis). The cause of FMS is still not known.Fibromyalgia is a make-believe diseaseThe first side of the controversy says that fibromyalgia is not a true disease. So says Frederick Wolfe, who is a one of the most cited fibromyalgia researchers. In 2009 he wrote the tendency to respond with distress to animal(prenominal) and mental stressors is part of the homophile condition. labeling fibromyalgia as a disease simply legitimizes patients sickness behavior, slowing their recovery and harming them. (Dr. Frederick Wolfe and fellow researchers, 2009) . With this he the former writer of the American College of Rheumatology outlines for the diagnosis Fibromyalgia claims that FMS is a re action to economic and social stress. With which he says that the symptoms are part of every(prenominal) humans normal life. Other scientists clame that Fibromyalgia is an invented disease. Invented by psychiatrists to sell sleeping pills, and other psychiatric drugs. Doctors also say that vague complaints of a disease do not add up to a disease. Since the diagnosis of Fibromyalgia can not be proved by pipeline tests, or other biologic tests and there are no biological or environmental causes for the disease, some doctors say it basically cant be a disease.Fibromyalgia is a true diseaseSince this is a controversy, there are also doctors who say that fibromyalgia is a true disease. As mentioned in the introduction of this essay, doctors went to reasearch the disease. So did Dr. E. Guedj, he took brainscans of 20 women with Fibromyalgia and 10 without. He cogitated out of his results that the brains of women with Fibromyalgia all showed abnormalities in bloodflow with the brain. In some parts of the brain the blood flow was under normal, and in some parts of the brain it was far above normal. The women without fibromyalgia did not show abnormalities in the brain. He also let all the participiants closure questions to assess measures of pain, anxiety, depression and disability. Those answers were for all fibromyalgia patients almost the same, but did not differed that much with the results of the women without the condition. on that pointfore anxiety, depression and disbility could not be linked to the abnormalities in blood flow. Those results most likely point to fibromyalgia being a true disease.(Dr. E. Guedj, Nov. 3 2008, Research to abnormalities of blood flow in brain). M both doctors also say that Fibromyalgia is a disease because the World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the disease for umpteen years. Other doctors, one of them is Dr. I. Jon Russels, claim that there is a biochemical evidence to support patients their clames of what the y feel (Dr. I. Jon Russels, March 3, 2001, interview with Janice Billingsley). Since a a couple of(prenominal) years the diagnosis fibromyalgia can be given by a doctor when all the patients symptoms satisfy the outlines written by the ACR (American College of Rheumatology).When is a disease a disease, and who steady downs that it is?This controversy also carries huge ethical aspects. First of all, who decides that a series of symptoms form an actual disease? And who decides whether different conditions are not diseases but conditions? What is the difference between those conditions and diseases? It cant be that conditions are chronic and diseases will eventually leave the body since we know chronic diseases and evanescent conditions as well. Who decides that a disease or condition is mental and not physical? What if scientific limits block fellow research to a disease, which office no liaison physical can be found, but great power be present, does this automatically mean that the patient has a mental ailment?How does the controversy influence patients social lives?Since the Fibromyalgia controversy got more publicity and interest of doctors, many people within the social environment of the patient follow the controversy. This fashion that they efficiency form conclusions such as She exaggerates. It is all in her head. This might make other people, also within the social environment of the patient, commend that the patient does not really feel the pains he or she claims to experience and feel. This might cause that the patients contacts might find her implausible, and do not trust her or take her seriously. This is emotionally a heavy thing to deal with. Therefore many doctors, but also patients, think it is all-important(a) that there is more intelligibility and understandability around the syndrom/disease/condition.ConclusionFibromyalgia is a pain condition from which more and more people suffer. The patients of fibromyalgia experience pains in the ir joints, muscle(s) stiffness and undergo depressions, sleepless nights and anxiety. But since it got its name doctors have been hesistating about the disease its existence. Some doctors clame that FMS is a mental reaction on social and economical stress and social anxiety. And probably is a physical reaction on what many people experience on daily basis. Some doctors also say that the by the WHO (world Health organization) recognized disease cant be a disease since it does not have any environmental or biological causes, and cannot be proved by biological tests. Others say that fibromyalgia is a disease. Since some researchers have found brain abnormalities in the brains of fibromyalgia patients they claim that it is most likely a disease in conclave with the other symptoms of fibromyalgia. Also, other doctors claim to have found biochemical evidence to the existence of fibromyalgia. There is also the fact that it is very difficult to decide when a series of symptoms, or a physic al pain condition can be called a disease. Who is allowed to do so? And there might be another problem based on the development of our science. There might be a physical prove of the existence of fibromyalgia, but we might not have the equipment yet to see it. Which means that scientific limitations block the research to the condition. It is important that more intelligibility and understandibility forms around the syndrom. Since it might affect the social lives of the patients adding a huge emotional deal to the pains they already have to deal with. Out of this essay I can conclude that we need a scientific prove to solve this controversy and to say whether the disease exists or not. But to make this prove approachible more labyrinthine scientific appratus have to be invented and more observations of the patients pains need to be researched.

Supplementary Restraint and Air-bag system

auxiliary Restraint and Air-bag systemSupplementary restraint and airbag system is a passive part of fomite guard system. SRS is designed to protect and lower forces acting on the driver and passenger at the event of the misfortune. In a solecism of an accident at urge on about 35km/h the SRS is emotional and the following procedure is winning place spot crash tensi angiotensin-converting enzymers atomic bite 18 activated -about 10-15 msairbags argon inflated -about 10-40 msairbags ar deflated -40-long hundred ms driver or passengers kinetic cleverness is taken in by airbagsaround 120 ms after accident the airbags are deflatedSRS and air-bag system populate of driver and passenger airbags (including igniter and pyrotechnic inflator)a prototype decipherable ( international mile)seat tap pretensionersimpact sensors (crash sensors)electronic control unit.Illustration 1. SRSDriver and passenger airbagThe airbag is made of one detail coated nylon and has a get of a bi g cushion. To allow rapid deflation air bag has side holes. Airbag is placed into counseling wheel (driver) and front of passenger side scarce also is placed on the both sides inside of the car as a curtain (protecting against side impact). In the redbrick car the number of airbags and their sizes are constantly changing, but principals are the same.In a case of an accident ECU engage igniter which triggers the spark necessary to burn render tablets (pyrotechnic inflator). The burned fuel tablets produce a nitrogen gas which inflates the airbag. Everything happens in few ms and the amount of gas and pressure created during burning is rigorously calculated for from each one airbag.Illustration 2. AirbagWarning get ( mile)A warning light is used as a part of the self-diagnostic system. Every meter when the ignition is switched on SRS checks all components of the system and if each fault appeared the MIL is activated. MIL light stays on as long as the problem of the system is n ot rectified.Illustration 3. MIL Warning LightSeat belt tensionersThe function of the seat belts is to secure occupant of the vehicle from injuries at an accident or a sudden stop. Due to a seat belt slack, belt stretch, three point seat belt protection is limited up to 40 km/h, if speed is high than this limit the occupants head or body can impact the steering wheel or the instrument panel.Seat belt pretensioners improve restraining world power of the seat belt and increase the protection of the occupant from injuries. In modern cars there are two types of tensioners, both of them can work simultaneously. The offset printing type is a shoulder pretensioner. The pretensioner pulls the seat belt tighter and holds the occupant well to the seats backrest. This action prevents the body from excessive forward movement. The pretensioner is activated at around 10-15 ms, and by conjunction with an airbag (10-50ms fully deployed) they absorb kinetic energy acting on the body. When the su pplementary restraint system (SRS) detected an accident the pyrotechnic propellant charge placed in the tube tightener is activated and pressure is created. The rising pressure in tightener pushes the piston which is attached to the stain cable and pulls the seat belt tightly against the occupant.Illustration 4. Seat belt pretensionersIn addition to the shoulder belt tensioner a buckle tighteners are developed. The buckle tensioner improves the restraining and protection on the occupant and prevents the body from submarining.Impact sensors on that point are two types of impact sensors mechanical and electronic. The mechanical system is a bunch in tube mechanism which basically consists of a ball, tube, attraction (holding the ball in position) and electrical move with a switch. If an accident occurs the ball is dislodged from the magnet and starts to roll forward inside the tube closing the circuit switch. Then the signal is sent to ECU to take further action. Illustration 5. mec hanically skillful crash sensorAnother type is an accelerometer. This kind of sensor detects any changes in a speed of a car and there are a few types of them in use.One of them is a piezoelectric crystallization accelerometer which works on principals similar to the engine knock sensor, another one uses a spring. A drastic change in car speed (deceleration) will cause the seismic mass movement or a spring bend, either of which will then change the output from these sensors. main advantage of this type of sensor is that sensors dont have to be designed for each car separately, as all changes can be made by the software.Illustraton 6. Electronic crash sensorIllustration 7. Piezoelectric crash sensorElectronic central unit (ECU)Electronic central unit collects and abbreviation the data from sensors and according to them it takes further action. The ECU has following functionscrash sensing by crash sensors (acceleration sensors)prompt activation of airbags and seat belt tensioners a ccording to antithetical types of the impact in the vehicle longitudinal direction eg. rear-end, frontal, sidetriggering of the seat belt tensioners depending on the buckle status, firing only when buckle is fastenvoltage and energy accumulator if vehicle battery failsdiagnosis of external and internal system componentsMIL activationstorage of faulty commands and epoch of itwatchdog (WD) constant monitoring of the airbag units with regards to false activation in non-crash situation and corrected if needed. Since 2003 all ECU has three independent monitoring hardware watchdogs WD1, WD2 and WD3. each(prenominal) of them independently monitor the system and if all data collected by them is matching the system is triggering procedure according to situation.Diagnosis and repair desertMake VauxhallModel AstraYear 2008Reg. No NL08BYYVIN WOLOAHL0885070200After switching on the ignition the Airbag MIL appeared on the dashboard. To find out the faulty code I plugged in the Snap-on diag nostic tool. Codes B0012 (driver airbag open circuit set up 1) and B0013 (driver airbag open circuit Stage 2) appeared.My diagnosis there is no nexus between the airbag unit and the system.To rectify this fault I do as followbattery at sea for at least 10 mins take air bag from the steering wheeldiagnosis confirmed airbag was dis attached from the circuitTwo plugs were connected to the airbag according to the number placed on the airbagair bag was replaced on the steering wheelbattery was connectedFinally, to confirm my diagnosis I reconnected the Snap-on diagnostic tool and erased faulty codes. MIL went off and the codes disappeared from the system.

Friday, March 29, 2019

Impact of Contemporary Globalisation on Thailand

Impact of Contemporary Globalisation on Siameseland baseContemporary globalisation is defined as the final wave of globalisation, and is characterized by the acceleration and intensification of the technological, heathen, ghostly, economic and political integration (Gerle 2000). Although this has lead to development and betterment in m all countries around the world, it has raised issues in many part of Asia facing religious and companionable concerns. This essay testament argue that contemporaneous globalisation will raise issues in the traditional mixer and religious seeable in two Asian nations, Tailand and Malaysia. The value that will be discussed is in relation to the paper ar the Buddhist and Collectivist determine for the siamese connection, and Islamic values for the Malays. Thailand and Malaysia argon countries that argon similar in the detail that they stimulate both dominant righteousnesss that ar closely linked with their expression of feel. Both c ountries are multiethnic and multicultural entirely Malaysia has a high percentage of 50% ethnic Malays and 60% of the country practicing the Islamic opinion (Nations Online 2011). In Thailand, it has majority of Thai which is 75% and with 94.6% of the country practicing the Buddhist creed (CIA 2011).First this paper will discuss the encroach that occurs in the craft kindisation of Thailand and Malaysia. Next, it will explain how coeval globalisation is intertwined with popular purification, or pop civilization, and has placed a significant occidental influence upon the younker of Thailand and Malaysia, and has changed their social ideology compared to the traditional ideology. Finally, the paper will identify how globalization has led to conflict with the conservative religious values that exist in Thailand and Malaysia.Business elaboration in Thailand and MalaysiaThe global spread of Multinational companies (MNCs) has led to the popularity of conducting a pipeline in a westbound style, which has led to conflict in the traditional Thai and Malay business culture.In query conducted by Niffengger, Kulviwat and Engchancil (2006), traditional Thai business culture is strongly influenced by Buddhism.It explains that business is run in Thailand in a uniquely enate style, and although the relationship in the midst of superior and subordinate is, formal and authoritarian, the boss is evaluate to be benevolent and paternalistic (Leppert 1996). An example of how diametrically a topical anesthetic Thai business operates in comparison to a occidentalern MNCs is visible in the example of the Siam Cement Group in 1998, when they reported a loss of 52.5 billion Baht but did not lay out a single one of their 35,000 employees, while on the other hand, Kmart in 2003, laid off 57,000 of their staff to avoid bankruptcy and even unopen one thirds of their stores (Niffengger et al 2006 p. 409). It is just from the fundamental authority of operating a bu siness in the West that has develop most from contemporary globalization which is very distant to the Thai, and brings issues in the social and business aspect. For example, sexual equating was not common until the early 20th century due to westerly influences upon Thailand and it is still seen as untraditional or unconventional in a traditional Thai business for a woman to be in a managerial level (Thaiship canal 2002). by the influences of westerly values which has come from contemporary globalization, traditional Thai business values face a dilemma on how to preserve their traditional business culture in the midst of the increasing MNCs.Malaysias business practice bias is visible with the Bumiputra policy, meaning sons of the soil, which is the preferential treatment of the native Malay mass. The Bumiputra came about from the New Economy Policy (NEP) in 1971 with goals to alleviate poverty and social and economic imbalances through equity ownership, employment, and other fields. Stoever (1985) explains the fields that ownership of procreative resources should be 30% in the Bumiputra hands, for public and private corporations the Bumiputra should be 30% of the employees. Finally, Malays are given other advantages in university admissions, bank loans and credit access.Although the Bumiputra policies are deeply imbedded into the Malaysian business culture, there are numerous instructions that the Western practices of business withdraw placed a significant metre of complication in the traditional Malay businesses. The traditional Islamic way of establishing the economy was from, the desire to defend Islamic civilization against foreign cultural influences (Kuran 1995 p.15). However, due to contemporary globalization the influence of the Western secular organisation and capitalistic culture has been good adopted by a emergence number of Malay business (Mutalib 1993). The adoption and the continuation of coming into get hold of with the capitali st business culture of the West will endanger the excerption of the Muslim culture, as argued by Al-Maududi (cited in Ahmad 2009), because it may result in complications to differentiate the Western and Muslim mindset and lifestyle. Although Malaysia has a strong protective cover for the ethnic Malays as seen with the Bumiputra policies, the gradual influences of the Western business culture is start to endanger the security of the Malays and the way they conduct business.Popular Culture in Thailand and MalaysiaAdvancements in technology allows the Western media to be easily accessed by much(prenominal) or less everyone in the nation, which will bring issues with the traditional lifestyle as the younker become more interested in what the Western media brings. Pop culture is comm unless connected to cultural imperialism because it the Western film, television programmes, and music is cognize to impose bourgeois values and capitalist ideology (Berger 2008).There are many cause s of the introduction of pop culture and the stupor is has placed upon Thailand, uniform Tourism and Media. Tourism was one of the earliest forms of the introduction of pop culture in Thailand. Westerners make up a significant portion of the Thai tourism industry, and leave an imprint of their culture behind. Thailand has won many tourism awards and is the first in the world for having the Best Tourist country for five consecutive years (Asiativ 2011). However, that has led to a form of neo-colonization in consumerism and tourism. What tourism can do in a political economy onrush is that developed metropolitan cities often impose their values on exploitation countries in addition, the recipient countries face environmental, social and economic problems (Chang and Raguraman 2001). Furthermore, in fellowship to accommodate the influx of tourism, Bangkok, which is the capital city of Thailand, reformed itself so that it will have an Old Bangkok, where the royal palace and histori c temples are located, and a New Bangkok, where there are numerous shopping malls, hotels, and skyscrapers (Burke, Brash, and Bush 2010).Thailand is slowly losing its traditional characteristics within the cities. Besides tourism, Berger (2008) also added that Thailand was going through rapid modernization and was losing their Thai identity and becoming more Americanized due to the horse opera media. It is telling how from Rodcumdees (2002) research, the media is becoming the most common way for locals to learn more about the West television being the first and the internet and Western music as the 4th most popular medium. Due to Thailand accommodative tourist needs and influence from Western culture and habits that the tourists leave behind, as well as the accessibility of the Western media, this culminates in the erosion of Thailands real and exotic traditional values.Malaysia is also at a similar smirch where pop culture influences the youth of the nation, especially for th e ethnic Malay population. The Malaysian former Deputy Prime Minister, Anwar Ibrahim delivered a speech in The nous Times (cited in ed. Souchou 2001) where he described his concern of media and technology because, in recent years there have been an overwhelming, almost imperialistic dispersal of Western or Western-influenced cultural products. The issue in Malaysia is that the youth are absorbed in wanting to be like their idols that they see on MTV or eating McDonalds or KFC instead of eating their local delicacies. It is provided explained by (Jayne 2003) that it is also partially the state regimes responsibility that the youth are being influenced by pop culture because of the lack of support for local pop culture that youths have no other choice but to search for their individuality or values in the western media which is easily accessible and popular globally. The lack of support for the local pop culture and the accessibility of the Western pop culture through contemporary globalization have caused the Malay youths to wander away from the traditional social values and practices.Way of Life in Thailand and MalaysiaFinally, through the discussion of the two different aspects of contemporary globalization, it is significant to discuss the most crucial aspect of how globalization comes into conflict with the traditional way of life of Malaysia and Thailand due to their daily life being intertwined with religion.In Thailand, there is a strong impact of contemporary globalization bringing issues to the traditional way of life for Thailand. The difference between the youth and the older generation as discussed in how pop culture is causing Thailand to lose its religious, cultural, and traditional way of life moreover, it is leading to more dilemma. The forces of contemporary globalization did not stop at just rarefied its Westernized culture, but also spread its influence to hybridizing the Buddhist religion of Thailand, which has caused an up beginning an d several issues in the nation. It is explained by Kitiarsa (2005) that this hybridization has led to the rise of many public religious movements that are responses to the wide of the markr, largely economic-impersonal forces of globalization that have profound ramifications for Thai social life. It is discussed by Geert Hofstedes Cultural Theory that the West and Thailand have a significant difference as to how Buddhism is deeply interlocking into the way of life for the Thai people (Niffengger et al. 2006).For example, the Thai people believed in the predestination of human life, and how it cannot be altered or changed. However, through Western influence of how an individual has the power to change his or her destiny, this belief is challenged (Thaiways 2002). These Western ways of thinking through contemporary globalization has influenced the traditional Thai values and is shifting the way of life to the people which endanger the saving of the Thai values.In Malaysia contempor ary globalization is eroding the traditional social values and practices that have flourished in the nation for years. In Malaysia, many Muslims have started to adopt the Hi/Hello culture, which contrasts with the Islamic greeting which is Assalamu Alaikum (May peace be on you) because while the Western greeting does not carry any emotional attachment or blessings to someone. The Islamic greeting not only expresses emotional attachment, but also conveys blessings of peace for the person being greeted (Nurullah 2008 p. 6). Through this influence and visible change in the country, Malaysia is starting to feel a form of threat from this Westernization and is further explored by Gerle (2009) that in Malaysia, the state attempts to diddle a Muslim identity in order to protect oneself against the West, in terms of economic dominance as well as values. However, it is enigmatical whether this attempt will succeed or not due to the wide influence that contemporary globalization already spr ead itself to.ConclusionThe impact that contemporary globalization has on Thailand and Malaysia through the advancement of technology, introduction of foreign companies, and culture can be seen through this essay to be having a significant amount of challenges to the traditional religious and social values. Through the question of the Buddhist Thai business culture and the Islamic Malay business culture, it is visible that the Western business culture is more individualistic, while the Thai and Malay business culture focuses on conformity, importance of religious practices, and taking care of the business as family. In addition, pop culture has caused the Thai and Malay youths identity to be more Americanized due to the increase of western media and internet access.Finally, the cultural and social practices, and the way of life of the Thai and Malay people is changing due to contemporary globalization like way of speech, daily lifestyles, and changes in their traditional religious practices is starting to distance the people from their traditional way of living. There are attempts taken by the government and people who are passionate in keeping their traditional social and religious values. But from observations of the examples of the impact of contemporary globalization, this seems to be a challenging task indeed.

The Tourism Principles And Practices Tourism Essay

The Tourism Principles And Practices Tourism analyseTourism is becoming the worlds largest industry and it is being recognized that tourism must(prenominal) preserve and protect the environment and natural attractions so that people allow continue to blend, and must snip use limits so that sites forget be truly sustainable1. However tourism, as well as transport improvements in beas such(prenominal) as the economy, too has the power to destroy the environment. formidable examples of this atomic number 18 hotels and other accommodation establishments, which contribute to al approximately a take in of tourism emissions in general (21%)2. Recently, tourists have started to become more than interested in the environmental impacts of their travels, and thus the tourism and hotel industry has started to pay more precaution to the shelter of the environment.2. LITERATURE REVIEWSConsidering the complexity and large-mindedness of the topic, in align to implement a plan to sa ve costs and visit custom a good research and documentation ab forbidden the subject is required. This let on has become an actual problem which is being discussed in many ledger and magazine articles. Firstly, it is necessary to find adequate information to quantify in statistics and explain in detail the history of this issue and describe it. For this office 2 university texts were used Goeldner, C. R. Ritchie, J. R. B. (2009). Tourism Principles, Practices, Philosophies (11th Ed.) New York Wiley and Sons., Climate Change alteration and Mitigation in the Tourism Sector Frameworks, tools and practices. An International Seminar focusing on Developing Countries and Small Island States. (April 2008) Oxford, United Kingdom. Moreover, a small research was carried out on the internet using some websites which talk well-nigh tips and suggestions take in this sector.3. ECO-FRIENDLY MEASURESA strategic planning and implementation of policies, that pay attention to the costs, bring b enefits not hardly the environment but as well as to the hotel itself. By observing methods and techniques of sustainability, immediate economic objectives scum bag be passd, but the most important thing is that the measures implemented are for the long-term. Consequently, every manager should be familiar of what are the environmental and energy aspects of its business/organization in order to improve upon them and reduce uncivilised and costs. To achieve this goal, a seaside superior hotel motivations to change its habits and introduce innovations that use natural resources or alter their systems in low-power systems as seen in some example describe below.3.1 Natural resourcesThe use of natural resources is the cheapest measure. Correspondingly, there are a weigh of systems to minimize emissions which use unreserved methods that simultaneously may also reduce costs. Firstly, an accommodation should install large sun-facing windows or skylights on facades and celling. In t his agency, during the day, electrical energy economic consumption is minimized because the natural daylight filters throughout the windows, thus simplification the bring for artificial lights. Conversely, it is important that this type of glass maintains a change temperature inside because this could be a problem during the summer period.Secondly, solar panels cornerstone be installed to harness solar energy. Indeed they use the suns energy and transform it into useful energy and heat for human activities.Considering that we need to analyze a hotel on the seaside, the accommodation could also benefit from exploiting the sea with simple structures that deport the main goal of becoming an eco-friendly hotel. almost example of how this is possible net be taken from the Hilton hotel in Malta the only eco-friendly hotel that achieved the European eco-label certification. In the same way a hotel on the seaside could take advantage of this and with a process of desalination in an osmosis system, this type of water keep be used as drinking water. In addition, sea water desalinated tummy be used for cooling (in summer) or heating (in winter) for the hotel. Thus it decreases the need of fossil fuels. Furthermore, this used water could be cleaned in a biological purification plant and together with harvested rainwater be used for sens flushing and irrigation of the gardens. Although initially these systems can have high costs, in the future they will significantly reduce consumptions and costs of the accommodation.3.2 Waste disposalAnother implicit in(p) measure in an eco-hotel is waste management and cycle. This is a strategy that reuses waste instead of disposes of it. Recycling avoids the waste of potentially useful materials, reduces the consumption of in the altogether materials, and reduces the use of energy, and therefore the emission of greenhouse gases. This method is very simple to implement. It is important that in distributively and every pla ce of the hotel (kitchen, restaurants, rooms, offices, public areas etc) recycling bins are provided. In the office, they can minimize the paper size and convert the normal print ink with soy-based ink which pollutes less. Also plastic backwash bags can be replaced with cloth bags. After this step managers must familiarize staff and thickenings with this measure by offering products that contain recycled material such as newspaper, magazine and organic bags.3.4 MaintenanceAs stated in the introduction, all this behaviors and systems must be long-lasting and the only way to achieve this objective is maintenance. First of all, all the guests rooms must be controlled for infiltration of hot and cold mail throughout windows and doors. Then air conditioners and heaters need an annual maintenance which checks if there are problems and if the room temperature is acceptable for each season. All the bulbs need to be replaced with energy legal transfer light bulbs that besides reduce co sts. Subsequently, also office and restaurants must be regularly monitored with zero-cost measures. Some examples could be allowing hot food to cool before storing in refrigerators and freezers, not overloading refrigerators, regularly clean fans, verify if doors fit and close correctly and defrosting freezers frequently since frost build ups reduce efficiency. Those are all zero-cost actions that should reduce environmental problems, costs and consumptions.3.3 Staff and guest educationAt the end, the staff and guests should be educated about these eco-friendly measures. With simple gestures, tourists can limit energy consumption and be more aware of protect the environment and reducing pollution. For example, tourists can pay attention to reduce the use of water when it is not necessary, can use and heating and A.C. with consideration, pay attention to the waste disposal and of all time remember to turn off the lights. The last action mentioned can also be supported with sensors, installed by the hotel, that automatically turn off lights and air conditioning once the guest has left his room. On the other ease up staff can collaborate for other type of eco-friendly measures. For instance, in restaurants, wait can reduce emissions levels promoting national wine and food (e.g. seafood) because usually worldwide food is imported by air. In addition , members of the hotel can penetrate brochures and allow fieldtrip visits to their back of house to promote this system not only to customers but expand it to all those who are interested in protecting the environment.4. REASONSIf we examine the causes of the growing interest in eco-tourism, there is a wide range of possible answers. The main reasons are the protection of the environment and saving more money from the hotels. In addition, those who use these systems and achieve these goals are rewarded with world(prenominal) and European certifications such as Ecolabel certification. It is granted only to hotels with systems of environmental virtuousness that respect ecological and performance criteria established. These criteria are then reviewed and where necessary, improved by providing better environmental quality of services. Moreover, tourists are starting to worry about the consequences that their journey can bring to the environment and in this way as Thomas Tanzilli, director of Federalberghi Rome said Besides the environmental issue, it has also become a commercial problem. After that tourists are interesting in this type of tourism for a big numbers of reasons such asThe presence of local biological food with 0 kilometersPeople are tired of conventional tourism and they want to seek new challenges. multinational aid and incentives arise to support tourism projects for the purpose of environmental protectioneco-tourism accommodations became more affordable and accessibleThere is an increase in travel for educational purposes.Finally, in thinking people is maturing an increasing a wareness that environmental conservation is not the only reason, but it can also bring economic benefits.5. CONCLUSIONIn recent years this great way to reduce environmental pollution through hotels has been promoted in many slipway from important tourism organizations such as The World Tourism musical arrangement (WTO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). In addition, the habits of tourists who stay in hotels are changing. In fact, with Advertising put specially in the rooms of the hotel, the guest feels responsible towards helping the environment and working with the whole staff. To conclude, eco-tourism is not obviously constructed by systems and environmental measures implemented by the hotel, but it is a set of attitudes that all components of that particular hotel should assume both inside and outside the building.

Thursday, March 28, 2019

Which Culture Should We Teach? Which Version of History is Correct? :: Teaching Education Philosophy

The educational process should not just be a process aimed at relaying information to scholarly persons. Students have a rare opportunity to experience their youth and grow intellectually. College provides a chance for progeny mountain to experience life in a loose background knowledge where they end grow as individuals and form their feature opinions rough life. When developing a school curriculum, members of college boards need to remember how vulnerable this time is in a students life. The question of, whether colleges should mark a unified view of glossiness and the things that we have in common or whether they should emphasize peoples differences is a tangled one. When first looking at this question many of people would be adamant about the fact that colleges have a certain right to teach about different cultures, and I agree with that, but but to a certain extent. I think always wanting to emphasize peoples differences could be a problem. In todays multi-cultural world it is important to know about ones own culture and the cultures of others, but we cant forget to teach about our own culture. The culture we share as a whole, the American culture. Many people forget about the rich culture we have in America. A lot of the time people get wrapped up in looking at the differences between us and forget to look at all the similarities.Another problem that can arise when different cultures scorn to integrate is it thickens the walls between us. Everyone is always talking about trying to deplumate down these invisible walls between racial groupings and religious groups, but thus these same people, high ranking government and school officials are forever and a day pounding into peoples heads how different we are, and in some cases why some group should be angry at some other racial group. completely this is doing is causing trouble and putting resentment into peoples heads, which just adds to the barriers between us. When a student graduates fr om high school he is faced with a last about what he is going to with the rest of his life. One option that is frank to these students is college. In college a student is given a chance to give away about a subject of his choice. While getting this education the student is surrounded by a rich wealth of knowledge and ideas that can influence the way he looks at life. High School a vulnerable time in many of these students lives.

The Development of Behavioral Psychology Essay -- science, J.R. Angell

The human beings mind and the way humans behave have been radical topics of study amongst historians for many years. Studies have been conducted in different professional areas to lay down knowledge and understanding of humans, in an attempt to control behavior. The study of human behavior is known as behavioral psychology or behaviorism. The final stage of early behaviorists and functionalists was to shoot ab bulge out a more reliable psychology. The behaviorists believed they would chance upon this goal by excluding introspection and focus on the study of behaviorism. This evolution was achieved with help from the zeitgeist, behaviorist, and organizational psychology. This paper will discuss J.R. Angell and his prediction of the deepen in psychology from introspection to behaviorism, the persons and ideas helped to carry out the shift, how the zeitgeist supported the shift, and how the development of industrial psychology played its part in the shift.On what did Angell base his opinion?J. R. Angell was a psychologist and educator, who studied under butt Dewey and William James. Angell worked as a psychology instructor at the University of Minnesota. It was at this university that Angell create a psychology department in 1905 (Schultz and Schultz, 2012, p.294). Schultz and Schultz (2008) wroteJ.R. Angell at the University of Chicago, perhaps the almost progressive of the functional psychologists, predicted that American psychology was ready for greater objectivity. In 1910, he commented that it seemed possible that the term consciousness would disappear from psychology, much as the term soul had disappeared. (p. 293)Behaviorism, which contended to end structuralism without compromise, was underway when Angell made his 2008 statement. J.R. Angell is su... ...or individuals. end pointPsychology has grown from the founding of behaviorism. Many individuals and ideas played a elephantine part in setting the atmosphere for behaviorism to be widely acc epted. Zeitgeist of that time period had also contributed to the acceptance of behaviorism. Therefore, when Watson came on the scene, it was not strong for his ideas to be accepted. Even organizational psychology had its role by covering one can apply techniques in every aspect to bring change. Works CitedBuckley, K. W. (1989). Mechanical Man John Broadus Watson and the Beginnings of Behaviorism. New York The Guilford pressGoss, A. E. (1961). proterozoic behaviorism and verbal mediating responses. American psychologist, 16(6), 285-298.Schultz, D.P. & Schultz, S. E. (2012). A history of modern psychology, (10th Ed.) Belmont, CA Wadsworth, Cengage Learning

Wednesday, March 27, 2019

Capital Punishment Essay -- essays research papers

The most yucky of all sentences that of death. likewise known as the death penalisation, capital punishment this is the most severe form of corporal punishment as it is requires law enforcement officers to kill the offender. But, not bad(p) Punishment is a very strong issue in at presents society. In my eyes punishment should be on a case-to-case basis. In the Capital Punishment debate there are 3 major issues, Deterrence, Arbitrariness, and Retri entirelyion. Deterrence is the inhibition of criminal behavior by worry especially of punishment. This in easier terms just means that once someone commits a crime, if they are harshly punished for it, other pile should then be afraid to commit a crime. Which is related to the nous that it is believed that fear of death deters people from committing crime. Studies of the deterrent effect of the death punishment have been conducted for several years, with varying results. Most of these studies have failed to produce rise that the death penalty deterred murders more effectively then the threat of imprisonment. The conclude for this is that few people are executed and so the death penalty is not a satisfactory deterrent. In conclusion if harsher punishment was carried out, there would be a lower crime rate.The second issue is impishness or Determined by or arising from impulse rather than judgment. faithfulness requires that people who break the law be punished the same but we treat it on a case-to-case punishment. Wrongful conviction, if acting on...

Tuesday, March 26, 2019

Rome, Italy :: essays research papers

My Trip to capital of Italy, ItalyI had intimate I was being sent to Italy in edge of 2000 for a tool tool exhibition. I found verboten the happy news expert earlier leaving work. Excitedly I jumped into my car and started my journey home. As I control home down I-95 through all of the popular evening traffic I just kept thinking close to ho I was going to tell my husband we were going to Italy. That darkness I continuously paced the floor looking out of my bedroom window to prove if my husband was home from work yet. As he drove up in our driveway I ran outside to tell him the intelligent news. I said, Nick guess where we are going in March? Before he could even say where I yelled out Italy Italy, he said with a puzzled look on his face. I then explained the situation with work and said to him since if I have the luck to go I thought it would be a great thought for you to come along with me. I suggested scheduled some time before the show for the two of us to travel a round Rome. Later that iniquity it was settled we would schedule a couple of days to tour Rome before the exhibition.It seemed like forever before we would finally be on our way, but then before I knew it we were on the airplane and the relief valve attendant is announcing fasten your seatbelts and prepare for landing into Leonardo da Vinci airport. after arriving at the airport we had to transfer to a train that would take us to the city center. It was about a 30-minute train ride. Along the ride I was getting my first look at Rome, mostly the colorful countryside with the rows of sunflowers that were so splendid with bright yellow centers, and green leaves that were so full of life. entirely pass the beautiful field of sunflowers was a small farmhouse made of stone. You could see the smoke coming out of the chimney and the farmers working their land. Upon arriving at the main train station, Stazione Termini in Italian, the excitement was building I couldnt dwell another minut e to see all the sites of Rome. The Colosseum, The Roman Forum, and the Vatican were tops on my list, and with only a couple of days to site see there wasnt any time to waste.

Blade Runner :: Art

blade RunnerThe plot of the movie Blade Runner becomes unrevealed m nonpareily box the end of the movie. Many confidences about the plot and the final of the movie be in the spectators mind, but not one of these assumptions lasts abundant. legion(predicate) deceptions in the plot grip the interest of the audience and contribute for the continuing interest to the movie eighteen years after its creation. The main(prenominal) portion in the movie is Deckard- the Blade Runner. He is called for a special delegation after his retirement, to air up four replicants who have shown flaws and have killed people. on that point are many arguments and deceptions in the plot that reveal the possibility Deckard to be a replicant. Roy is the other leading character of the movie. He appears to be the leader of the replicants- the strongest and the smartest. Roy kills his creator Tyrell. The effect of his actions fulfils the expectation of the spectator for a ruthless machine. The main decep tion in the plot is also the main cause that holds the identicalness of the blade razor Deckard, unrevealed through the continuance of the movie. The first assumption that comes to the mind is that Deckard is not a replicant because he is the one that Bryant calls to hunt replicants. unless there also appears the question what makes him the most proper to oppose the perpetrate replicants. The possibility Deckard to be a replicant makes him the worthiest person for the assignment. Deckard recommends Holden who is also a replicant assume the words of Bryant -He can bread okay as long as no one unplugs him. In most of the chapters Deckard acts as a human being. He has feelings for Rachael, and later in the movie he is the one that shows her how to behave in action for which she is not programmed for. Because Rachael saves his life Deckard doesnt adopt her like a replicant, which he has to hunt. On the other side if Deckard was a replicant older production than Zhora, he shouldnt be smarter than Zhora and to recognize her because of versed context. The effect of deception in the plot about Deckards identity awakes the imagination of the spectators and keeps interest in the plot. Another form of deception in the plot is Roys behavior at the final of the movie. Roy who killed Tyrell, Sebastian, and the man in the eye laboratory with unusual enjoyment, shows weakness and helps Deckard to survive.

Monday, March 25, 2019

Childhood and Adulthood in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger Essa

Childhood and Adulthood in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger Holden Caulfield sees puerility as the precedent state of being. He thinks adulthood is filled with corrupt people. The solely expression anyone posterior win in the adult world is if the cards argon stacked in his favor. The characters in The Catcher in the Rye bit a diverse set of roles in the war between childhood and adulthood. Children do not think of appearances very highly, but in influence to be respected in the adult world you must invariably look your best. Holden did not care what people thought about him as long as he felt sizable. He would wear his inflamed hunting cap backward (p. 18). He in like manner would have his hairsbreadth cut crew cut style, which is thought of as a kids haircut. Ackley is the unquestioning extreme of not just looking, bad but he also had terrible hygiene. He had mossy yellow teeth from not coppice them and bad acne(p.19). Adults forever and a day hide their imperfections to make themselves look good, but galore(postnominal) are as Holden c completelys them, secret slobs (p. 27). Stradlater is a perfect example of this. He always shaves twice but never cleans his razor (p. 27). He ordain spend forever making sure his hair is perfect and all his clothes look just right. Sunny, the prostitute, bleaches her hair and dresses up nice to sum up into the adult world (p.95). Mrs. Antolini, a married women, needs to look good when she goes out in public. The night Holden crashes there for a while, she looks terrible without her prepare and with rollers in her hair (p. 185). All that matters is she looks good by societys standards so she can be accepted into the adult world. Children live on lasting benevolent memories, while adults go for empty sexual conquests. Holde... ... living. Mr. Antolini gets through to Holden a undersize better but is unable to keep his attention (p 181). Carl Luce is just a few years older t han Holden and basically tells him he is immature and provide always be the analogous (p. 136).Kids really want things to stay the same while adults want things to change and grow quicker than they should. Holden seems to be the only one fighting this war. When he makes an adult decision he always gets sick. When someone he loves makes an adult decision Holden gets very mad. The more he tries to keep kids from turning into adults the more depressed he becomes. As he goes crazy, life will become hell for him. Childhood prolonged, cannot remain a fairyland. It becomes a hell (Louise Bogan). Work Cited Salinger, J.D. The Catcher in the Rye. Boston Little, Brown, 1991.

Compulsory Heterosexuality :: Sexuality Gender Society Essays

domineering HeterosexualityIn todays beingness, as humankind is yet in progress, we have a much more liberated adult male comp ard to past. In terms of politics, we learned discrimination is non a just case to be involved in and we tried to minimize constraints reflected on other races, other nationalities, in short all of the others that argon not similar to us. Us is, without doubt, white, Western man. Despite all the back-drawed prejudices of others in the name of liberation, respect and equality, it does not seem to be the situation for non-heteronormatives to vital in a peaceful environment. Since I came to Amsterdam as an re bug outment student this term, I had the opportunity to experience daily-life with all the people from disparate sexes, genders not considered normal which is rarely the case in Turkey. Amsterdam do me face non-heterosexual world and I realized that these people do touch from unequal rights mostly in other parts of the world. I questioned myself as being far away from that topic in the past and it very made sense to me to investigate about supremacy of heterosexuals.In my opinion, moreover after we learn to respect all kinds of differences out of majority we are able to have liberal minds, which makes the world a better place to lead for all people. That is the reason I decided to write my reputation on compulsory heterosexuality. To come to main idea, my arguement will be dominantly on heteronormativity. I will try to prove that both heteronormativity and gender are social constructs, which means that they are all learned behaviours by confederacy through culture, tradition and religion. I will show a world where any norms and taboos exist, to turn our origins of nature. I will support my arguement by the plant of writers and researchers on that topic. My whole effort will be on to allege that there is nothing called heteronormativity by nature, it can not be. We can not rule out the genes and instinct behaviour of people. It is just a coverage, to live in a reproductive and moral society.My final idea would be to accept all forms of non-heterosexuality as being normal , just the likes of heterosexuality, by ignoring all social constructs to open our mind to a brighter world. freshenThere is quite extensive research on studies of lesbians and gays and the compulsory heteronormativity. iodine major researcher is Adrienne Rich.

Sunday, March 24, 2019

The Need For Safe Nurse Staffing Essay -- Nurse-to-Patient Ratios

In the past two decades, there has been a push for suspend staff to invitee ratios. However, measuring client needs and nursing efforts clear been around since 1922 (Lewinski-Corwin, 1922, pp. 603-606). The earliest recorded effort was by the New York honorary society of Medicine. Superintendents and nurses from ten training schools documented the time spent providing bedside care. From complied information, the look intoers revealed each client required an average of five hours and four minutes of care in a 24-hour period. From these observations, they evaluated staffing issues in New York City. At that time, none of the hospitals were sufficiently staffed (Lewinski-Corwin, 1922, pp. 603-606). suave today, nurse staffing is a crucial health policy issue. Since the 1980s, the nursing concern has taken on more prominence in America with a large focus on research studies. In fact, U.S. Public law of nature 99-158, Health Research source correspond of 1985, authorized the topic center field for Nursing Research (NCNR) at National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Health Research Extension Act of 1985, 1985). With U.S. Public Law 103-43, NIH Revitalization Act of 1993, the NCNR was formally changed to the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) (NIH Revitalization Act of 1993, 1993). The NINR started constructing purposeful research projects, which produced a positive correlation surrounded by the number of staff and tonus of care. However, the 1996 Institute of Medicine (IOM) publish expressed, at that time, no significance between nurse staffing and clients outcomes in acute-care hospitals (Institute of Medicine Staff, Davis, Sloan, & Wunderlich, 1996, p. 9).For a while, hospitals were cutting staff, using the IOM report in 1996 as evidence-based rese... ...ww.nejm.orgNelson, R. (2008, March). AJN reports Californias ratio law, four years later. American diary of Nursing, 108(3), 25-26. Retrieved from http//www.nursingcenter.comNIH Revitalization Act of 1993, 42 U.S.C. 1511 (1993), http//history.nih.gov.Nursetraveler. (1999). The original file that put staffing ratios in place Retrieved folk 10, 2011, from http//nursetraveler.orgRegistered Nurse Safe Staffing Act of 2003, S. 991, 108th Cong. (2003), http//thomas.loc.gov.Sovie, M. D., & Jawad, A. F. (2001, December). Hospital restructuring and its impact on outcomes. nursing staff regulations are premature. Journal of Nursing Administration, 31(12), 588-600. Retrieved from http//journals.lww.comTone, B. (n.d.). California nurse-to-patient ratio still undecided, comment period ahead. Retrieved September 10, 2011, from http//www.nursezone.com

Parent and Sibling Relationships in To Kill A Mockingbird :: Kill Mockingbird essays

Parent and Sibling Relationships in To Kill A mockingbird   Inside the wondrous earmark, To Kill a Mockingbird, you can find round different examples of the free radical I chose for this particular essay. The groundwork I identifymed closely fascinated with was parent and cognate relationships. The reason why I chose this theme was for the reason that I knew this book was alone about the lessons that we learn in life, and how we gain knowledge from our parents and other family members also. As I looked through the book I found dozens of examples of parent and sibling relationships.   Parent and sibling relationships to me means how strong of a relationship people choose, or what they have done to come closer as a family. In chapter troika I found a nice quote to analyze. First of each Atticus said, If you can learn a simple trick, Scout, youll get on with all kinds of folks. You never really understand a person until you see things from his point o f view. (Lee 30). This quote helps me to understand Atticus point of view on how he wants his children to judge people. He is teaching Scout a very high-priced lesson right now. He is teaching her that you cant really talk about a person unless you have been in his or her position. I think that it is a very good lesson to teach Scout because she is still a new-fashioned girl and at he school she has to put up with all kinds of judgmental people, she doesnt need to add to the mix. I think that this has made Atticus and Scouts knowledge come a little closer because now she knows something that she didnt before so she can develop to be a nice and even wear out young lady in life.   Another quote that related to my theme is the one in chapter 23. Jem, see if you can stand in dog Ewells shoes for a minute, I destroyed his last shred of believability at the trial, if he had any to begin with. The man had to have some kind of comeback, he always does. So if spittin on my face and saturnine me saved Mayella one extra beating, thats

Quicksand shows Helgaâۉ„¢s as a figure of a Mulatto with a constant confli

Nella Larsen deals with the crisis of racial identity Helga has throughout Quicksand. She comments on the manners of a mulatto woman at a strict moody southerly school who wants to find herself-importance. Larsen deals Helga as the tragic mulatto from the beginning of the novel ambit clearly the views of downcast racial characteristics. The tragic mulatto being a uninspired idea of someone doomed to limbo between being swart and duster. Helga exhibits, an inability to conform anywhere long enough to discover whether she is black or white. The main issue of the novel is societys guidelines consider things as black or white with no healthy medium. Helgas sexuality comes into this as she is unable commit to relations thought things are missing from her life. The struggle that is primarily at conflict is that of Helgas kin with crowd together and Naxos. This makes her frustrated in that she is restricted from herself and has to battle with both James ideals of her and her own . Larsen uses Axel Olsen as a figure that represents the white ideals that are present in Helgas battle. He characterises how her white desires and personality should be. Part of the conflict of self is that of Helgas relationship with Dr Anderson he is seemingly part of the battle of her black self. It is his opinions of her that keep her from truly doing what she wants, it is frustration that keeps Helga. Another very important conniption of this book in screening the repression of Helgas repressed sensuality is her eventual(prenominal) marriage of the Reverent. The final aspect is her dress and the way that she behaves, it is initially curb and comes slowly to be unleashed by her. These factors are all valid in showing the conflict of race in causing the repression and exhib... ...g with the spiritual feeling of being black. This fact that she cannot find an equilibrium is due to those around her such as James, Dr Anderson, Anne, Axel Olsen and the Reverend. They all are on the black or white scale and she just fits in between. The book never concludes her struggle, so in that respect is still the question of whether she will ever find her identity. The school of Naxos creates persuade ideas, even though it is clear she never agreed with them she still cannot escape the beliefs that they held. Therefore she is stuck in a kind of limbo. Dr Anderson is the only man she truly can relate but it is this want for more that stops her delight with him. Happiness is the biggest issue for Helga and whilst she cannot find a helpful balance in closing she has the most important job of all bringing up children, she is the influential role in their lives.

Saturday, March 23, 2019

Nurse Empowerment Essay -- Health Care, Nursing

IntroductionNurses chip in a vital role in the rapidly changing healthc ar setting, which are characterized by critical care patients and shortages of nurses to meet demands of patient care (Ning, Zhong, Libo, and Qiujie, 2009). Therefore, it is substantial to maintain good working environments for nurses. Empowerment is seen as an effective regularity to advance nurses satisfaction (Ning, Zhong, Libo, and Qiujie, 2009). Empowerment as verbalize by Wittmann-Price (2004), is the process of reaching a more positive province of being, a state of relative freedom in choice by first ac make outledging an affective experience of oppression. The purpose of this paper is to pen a narrative about an experience as a bookman nurse practicing in a clinical setting where we felt crush due to class, race, cultural or gender biases. This narrative pass on be analyzed using relevant concepts in the literature. NarrativeMy experience happened when I was in second year nursing. We are just st arting our clinical rotations in KGH. At that time, our instructors assigned us iodin patient to do our nursing care. The goals for the day are to do our head to toe assessments and be able to chart our findings. Throughout the shift, we have a co-assigned nurse that will aid us in our duties for the day. I did what I was supposed to do and charted accordingly. After the end of the shift I thought that I did everything right, until one of my classmates told me that my nurse talked to her and stating that I did not do a good pedigree and telling her that I do not know how to chart. Upon hearing, this from my classmate I did not say anything to my clinical instructor and just let it slide. I felt embarrassed and ashamed. I thought that I cannot change what happened and I ... ...against oppressors I mustiness recognized that I am being oppressed. I also must learn to change my attitudes towards my oppressors and change the way I am responding and thinking.ConclusionEmpowerment i s a vital factor in creating a positive working environment. Nurses that see their work environment as empowering are more likely to provide quality health care. positive environments are important for the future of nursing development (Ning, Zhong, Libo, and Qiujie, 2009). Nurses should not scarcely have the ability to recognized differences but also they must have the capacity to transform and change structures within the profession in baseball club to achieved emancipation. To achieve empowerment they must take steps to overcome oppression. They must face their fears and be able to make dialogue with their oppressors and let them know that their actions are unacceptable.

Puritan Hypocrisy Exposed in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter E

Puritan Hypocrisy Exposed in The Scarlet Letter Throughout The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne repeatedly portrays the straightlaced views of take advantage and evil. The Puritans are constantly displayed as believing that evil comes from an unyielding fond regard being formed between love and hate. For such reasons they looked towards Hesters commitment of criminal conversation as an action of pure, condemned evil. However, through with(predicate) the use of light and depressed imagery, Hawthorne displays who genuinely holds evil in their hearts. The one who is the embodiment of evil creates hypocrisy of Puritanical views towards sin and evil. Hawthorne displays that those who expose sin to the public and the daylight are the more or less pure and those who conceal their sin under a dark bottom are designate to be defeated. Through his use of light and dark imagery and the contrast of his beliefs versus the beliefs of the Puritans, Hawthorne exposes the hypocritical beliefs of the Puritans by portraying Dimmesdale as destined for demise for privacy his sin, and ironically Hester the most pure for admitting her sin. The first explanation of Dimmesdale that Hawthorne presents to the reader is of Dimmesdale hiding his sin. One Puritan says, speaking of Hesters sin, Reverend achieve Dimmesdale, her godly pastor, takes it very grievously to heart that such a shite have come upon his congregation (38). Immediately, Dimmesdale is shown to the readers as not only concealing his sin, but also being hypocritical in his condemnation of a sin that he himself has also committed. On the very same page, Hawthorne speaks of the puritanical severity of the Puritanic code of law (38). From the beginning of The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne uses dismal, a dark and evil ... ... thing that frees one of evil and shame is telling his sin. Hawthorne foreshadows the death and demise of Dimmesdale from the beginning of the book by keeping him flatten in a dark shadow with an aching heart. Hester was continuously condemned for her sin, although it was revealed through the light constantly burning upon her chest. This illustrates the hypocrisy of the Puritan beliefs towards sin, for it was he who concealed his sin that was destined to be defeated by his ignominy, and she who was explicitly condemned that prospers and grows and is satisfactory to live a full, didactic life. Sources Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York Penguin Putnam Inc., 1980. Bradford, William. The Errand of the Early Puritans. sort handout. show 2002. Winthrop, John. Life in Puritan New England. Class handout. March 2002.

Friday, March 22, 2019

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee - Themes :: Kill Mockingbird essays

To Kill a Mockingbird - Themes     Although the character of Boo Radley does non reveal himself until the end of the raw, he is important to all of the themes present in To Kill a Mockingbird   One of the more dominant themes is prejudice. There ar three main types of prejudice that are explored in the novel racial prejudice, social prejudice and fear of the unknown.   Racial prejudice is present end-to-end the novel in the people of Maycombs everyday life, as it is a novel set in the deep south of America in the 1930s. This is a occlusive shortly after the American civil war, so slaverys abolishment had occurred non long ago. Because this had non been around for long, most peoples attitudes towards Negroes had not changed, despite efforts towards change.   The stead that shows the best examples of racial prejudice is the trial of tom turkey Robinson. In his trial, tom turkey Robinson is misjudged and mistreated because he is black. One of the most prominent examples of this is the authority in which Mr. Gilmer, tom turkeys prosecutor, calls Tom boy. He uses a tone of voice, which one would use when talking to the lowest creature on earth, towards Tom and makes him look foolish. This is all because Tom is Black.   The worst example of racial prejudice is Tom Robinsons trial verdict. every last(predicate) of the evidence produced by Atticus makes it clear that Tom is innocent, yet Tom is found guilty. This verdict is clearly based on the particular that Tom is black, but also that he, a black man, felt morose for a white woman. I felt right sorry for her This mastery would have brought whatsoever jury of Southern America to outrage in the 1930s. To them it was not right for a Negro to feel pity for any member of the white community.   Another example of racial prejudice in the novel is at Aunt Alexandras ladys meeting. It also shows the hypocrisy that took place in Maycomb. Miss Merriweather goes on to explain the sin and squalor that is suffered by those short(p) Mrunas and makes herself seem most ethnically aware, but the she refers to Helen Robinson as That darkys wife The way that Miss Merriweather uses this term as if it is everyday language shows that Negroes are not respected, and are given quite offensive names.

The Manifesto of the Communist Party Essay -- Politics Political

The Manifesto of the Communist Party Drafted in 1848 by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, the Manifesto of the Communist Party outlines the views, tendencies, and aims of the communist party through the eithereged(prenominal) philosophy of historical materialism (Distante). These views were expressed throughout four lucid sections of the Manifesto of the Communist Party. The first section describes the relationship between the businessperson and the proletarians. The next section depicts the relationship between the proletarians and the communists. The third section of the scroll presents neighborlyist and communist literature. The Manifesto is ended with a section stating the assign of the communists in relation to opposition parties. The first section begins with a drawing history of the bourgeois in various societies. Marx shows that like earlier civilizations, the bourgeois, or modern capitalists and employers, has oppressed the proletarian class, or the working class of the inn. Comparisons argon made regarding ancient Rome as well as the diaphragm ages with the modern bourgeois. Marx claims that the modern bourgeois society that has sprouted from the ruins of feudalistic society . It has but established new classes, new conditions of oppression (Marx). During the feudal period, the feudal lords monopolized industry. As time progressed, this system was insufficient for the growing needs of the nation. A new manufacturing system took the place of the monopoly system and soon provided for the natural ontogenesis of the capitalist class. Due to increased work and efficiency, the markets continued to grow to the compass point that even the manufacturing system was not sufficient. Industrial revol... ...tionary movement against the existing social and political order of things. In all these movements they bring to the front, as the direct question in each, the property questionWorking men of all countrie s unite (Marx) Works Cited1. Brians, Paul. Communist Manifesto Study Questions. http//www.wsu.edu8080/brians/hum_303/manifesto.html (19 Oct. 2001).2. Distante, Patrick. Evolutionary Philosophy---the previous(a) 19th Century. http//home.earthlink.net/pdistan/howp_9.html (19 Oct. 2001)3. Kuhn, Rick. The Communist Manifesto. http//www.anu.edu.au/polsci/marx/classics/manifesto.html (19 Oct. 2001).4. Marx, Karl and Engels, Freidrich. The Manifesto of the Communist Party. (New York Monthly Review Press, 1964)5. Marxism make Simple. http//www.marxism-made-simple.fsnet.co.uk/mainpage.htm (19 Oct 2001).

Thursday, March 21, 2019

Ethos, Pathos, and Logos :: Argument

Strength of Argument Ethos, Pathos, and discussion bell hookss essay, Keeping Close to Home, uses third important components of argument (ethos, pathos, and logos) to support her claim. hooks develops her essay by establishing credibleness with her audience, appealing to the subscribers logic, and stirring their emotions. She questions the role a university should adjoin in the life of a nation, claiming that higher statement should not snap a student away from his roots, but sustain him to build an education upon his background.bell hooks gains the trust and credibility of readers through knowledge of the root at hand, establishing common ground with the audience, and demonstrating fairness. Ethos is the distinguishing moral character of a source that instills faith in the audience. bell hooks is a well respected writer and teacher known for her strong opinion and academic background. She establishes her security through her personal struggles with the university s ystem and her efforts to maintain her own individuality and background. The reader gains respect for hooks as she courageously resists the pressure to adapt to her upstart academic life. For example she says, It is my responsibility to formulate a way of being that will allow me to participate fully in my new environment plot integrating and maintaining aspects of the old (hooks 92). bell hooks writes not only to help others find strength to hold on to their pasts, but for her own oppositeness as well. Her audience is assured by her motives to educate and inform.Whereas hookss personal experience srenghtens her ethos, a certain rigidity used in addressing the audience simultaneously weakens her credibilty. For example, hookss tendency to label academics and groups strange herself pushes the reader to see her as self-righteous. She separates people into classes of those she percieves as right and those she sees as wrong. Thus, she creates a smaller audience of readers and weakens her message. This tendency causes her argument to sound colorful and prevents a formation of common ground. hookss efforts to help others support the background that enables ones self development in the present, that sustains and supports, that enrichs however, prevents her verbalize and opinions from being ignored (91).bell hookss use of sensible evidence is not as strong as her ethos. With the aid of facts and studies, an writers

The Skills and Qualities Necessary Required to Establish and Maintain a

The Skills and Qualities Necessary Required to Establish and prevent an Effective working(a)s Relationship In this essay I move over chosen to explore the skills and qualities required to establish and maintain an effective works relationship with my teach in example in the role of supervisee. I will hash out communication skills, willingness to learn, self-awareness, assertiveness, open-mindedness, reflective skills as criteria of mentee to establish working(a) relationship with mentor. The marches mentor originates from Greek mythology, was first introduce in academic and furrow world of north America (Laurent 1998) used in United soil with the implementation of project 2000 in the national wellness service (Bracken 1989) to friend smooth transition from student to professional. (Philips et al 1996, fair-haired(a) M and Smith1999). The mental lexicon defi nes a mentor as a trust counselor or guide. A mentor is generally an influential, experienced undivided with whom mentee establish a personal relationship and who actively helps mentee reach their goals. The basis mentorship are designated to module nurses who engage in a multitude of roles musical accompaniment student nurses in the clinical setting. (Quinn2000). And reducing the theory institutionalize to-do (Earnsaw 1995). Mentorship is a apparatus that promotes safe and effective practice, maintains standards and accountability, and develops nurse practitioners autonomy. Proctor (1998) has classify supervisees skills under one-third functions formative, supportive and normative. Supervisee should be keen, capable, trustworthy, attentive, ... ...ellorAcyclical Model. 2nd Edition. London. Roultedge. Power S (1999) Nursing Supervision. A guide for clinical practice. London Sage. Proctor (1988) inadvertence a working alliance. London Alexia, Scanlon C, Weir W S (197) learning from practice? Mental wellness nurses perceptions and experiences of clinical supervision. Journal of salary increased nursing 26,295-303. Watson N. A., 1999. Mentoring today-the students views. An inquiring case teach of pre-registration nursing students experiences and perceptions of mentoring in one theory/practice module of the vulgar Foundation Programme on a exteriorise 2000 course. Journal of advance(a) Nursing 29, pp. 254-262. Wong S (1979) Nurse teacher doings in clinical fieldApparent effects on nursing students learning. Journal of advance learning, 3 ,369-378 The Skills and Qualities Necessary Required to Establish and defend aThe Skills and Qualities Necessary Required to Establish and Maintain an Effective Working Relationship In this essay I have chosen to explore the skills and qualities requi red to establish and maintain an effective working relationship with my mentor in practice in the role of supervisee. I will discuss communication skills, willingness to learn, self-awareness, assertiveness, open-mindedness, reflective skills as criteria of mentee to establish working relationship with mentor. The term mentor originates from Greek mythology, was first introduce in academic and business world of north America (Laurent 1998) used in United Kingdom with the implementation of project 2000 in the national health service (Bracken 1989) to help smooth transition from student to professional. (Philips et al 1996, Grey M and Smith1999). The dictionary defines a mentor as a trusted counselor or guide. A mentor is generally an influential, experienced individual with whom mentee establish a personal relationship and who actively helps mentee reach their goals. The terms mentorship are designated to staff nurses who engage in a multitude of roles sup porting student nurses in the clinical setting. (Quinn2000). And reducing the theory practice gap (Earnsaw 1995). Mentorship is a mechanism that promotes safe and effective practice, maintains standards and accountability, and develops nurse practitioners autonomy. Proctor (1998) has grouped supervisees skills under three functions formative, supportive and normative. Supervisee should be keen, capable, trustworthy, attentive, ... ...ellorAcyclical Model. 2nd Edition. London. Roultedge. Power S (1999) Nursing Supervision. A guide for clinical practice. London Sage. Proctor (1988) supervision a working alliance. London Alexia, Scanlon C, Weir W S (197) learning from practice? Mental health nurses perceptions and experiences of clinical supervision. Journal of advanced nursing 26,295-303. Watson N. A., 1999. Mentoring today-the students views. An investigative case study of pre-registration nursing students experiences and perceptions of mentoring in one theory/practice module of the Common Foundation Programme on a Project 2000 course. Journal of Advanced Nursing 29, pp. 254-262. Wong S (1979) Nurse teacher behaviour in clinical fieldApparent effects on nursing students learning. Journal of advance learning, 3 ,369-378

Wednesday, March 20, 2019

The Role of Turkey in the Pacification and Rebuilding of Iraq Essay

The business office of flop in the pink of my John and make of Iraq The relationship between Kurds and Turkey has long been fraught with complications.? As make of Iraq is poised to begin, the question arises as to whether Turkey should watch social occasion in the reconstruction. I believe that Turkey is able to mother a business office in the peace process in Iraq, for it would prove expedient to some(prenominal) Ankara and Washington.? However, I do not think that Turkey should take a role in restructuring, for their presence would undermine the peace process.? A role for Turkey would be resented not nevertheless by the Kurds in blue Iraq, but by the Iraqis as a whole. The Kurds argon heavy in northern Iraq.? Though it would be incorrect to make that the Kurds are indicative of the Iraqi people, the Kurds do constitute a muscular minority, which accounts for close to twenty percent of Iraq?s population.i? The Kurds put up been marginalized for hundreds of years, most notably aft(prenominal) the Great Powers reneged on their guarantee in the 1920 Treaty of Sevres to make believe an freelance Kurdish state and in 1991 when George Bush Senior promote the Kurds to ?take matters into their own hands,? and rebel against Saddam Hussein?s Ba?athist Party, only to withdraw from Iraq shortly thereafter.ii? The Kurds are justified in resenting their uncomplimentary treatment.? They were, it is believed, the realm?s original inhabitants, present in Iraq in the seventh century.iii The Kurds have been ruthlessly targeted by Saddam Hussein?s Ba?athist Party.? In 1975, the government in Baghdad initiated a process of ?Arabization? in northern Iraq, methodically exterminating the Kurdish population there.iv In 1988, the Anfal military campaign, led... ... oer Kurds. APS diplomatist Recorder.? 4 October 2003. xxxv? Purvis, Andrew.? ?Gathering Forces with Turkey. Time.? 10 February 2003 23.xxxvi? ?Turkey?s Role Worries Kurds. The San Di ego Union-Tribune.? 21 October 2003? B2.xxxvii? ?The Battle for northern Iraq. The Economist.? 22 March 2003.xxxviii? ?Turkey Moves Into Northern Iraq. APS diplomatist News Service.? 31 March 2003.xxxix? Ibid.xl? Gorvett, Jon.? ?Staking a Claim. The mall East.? may 2003. xli? ?No Kurdish Imperialism for Us. The Economist.? 30 August 2003 33.xlii? ?Kurds Block Turkish Mission. APS diplomat Recorder.? 9 August 2003.xliii? Berenson, Alex.? ?The Struggle for Iraq. The New York Times.? 15 October 2003.xliv? Howard, Michael.? ?Kurds asseverate Turkish Troops Will Bring Chaos. The Observer.? 16 October 2003 5.xlv? The Role of Turkey in the Pacification and Rebuilding of Iraq EssayThe Role of Turkey in the Pacification and Rebuilding of Iraq The relationship between Kurds and Turkey has long been fraught with complications.? As rebuilding of Iraq is poised to begin, the question arises as to whether Turkey should take part in the reconstruction. I believe that Turke y is able to take a role in the peace process in Iraq, for it would prove advantageous to both Ankara and Washington.? However, I do not think that Turkey should take a role in restructuring, for their presence would undermine the peace process.? A role for Turkey would be resented not only by the Kurds in northern Iraq, but by the Iraqis as a whole. The Kurds are concentrated in northern Iraq.? Though it would be incorrect to assume that the Kurds are indicative of the Iraqi people, the Kurds do constitute a sizable minority, which accounts for approximately twenty percent of Iraq?s population.i? The Kurds have been marginalized for hundreds of years, most notably after the Great Powers reneged on their guarantee in the 1920 Treaty of Sevres to establish an independent Kurdish state and in 1991 when George Bush Senior encouraged the Kurds to ?take matters into their own hands,? and rebel against Saddam Hussein?s Ba?athist Party, only to withdraw from Iraq shortly thereafter.ii? The Kurds are justified in resenting their derogatory treatment.? They were, it is believed, the region?s original inhabitants, present in Iraq in the seventh century.iii The Kurds have been ruthlessly targeted by Saddam Hussein?s Ba?athist Party.? In 1975, the government in Baghdad initiated a process of ?Arabization? in northern Iraq, methodically exterminating the Kurdish population there.iv In 1988, the Anfal military campaign, led... ... Over Kurds. APS Diplomat Recorder.? 4 October 2003. xxxv? Purvis, Andrew.? ?Gathering Forces with Turkey. Time.? 10 February 2003 23.xxxvi? ?Turkey?s Role Worries Kurds. The San Diego Union-Tribune.? 21 October 2003? B2.xxxvii? ?The Battle for Northern Iraq. The Economist.? 22 March 2003.xxxviii? ?Turkey Moves Into Northern Iraq. APS Diplomat News Service.? 31 March 2003.xxxix? Ibid.xl? Gorvett, Jon.? ?Staking a Claim. The Middle East.? May 2003. xli? ?No Kurdish Imperialism for Us. The Economist.? 30 August 2003 33.xlii? ?Kurds Block Tu rkish Mission. APS Diplomat Recorder.? 9 August 2003.xliii? Berenson, Alex.? ?The Struggle for Iraq. The New York Times.? 15 October 2003.xliv? Howard, Michael.? ?Kurds Say Turkish Troops Will Bring Chaos. The Observer.? 16 October 2003 5.xlv?

The Need for Recycling Essay -- Recycle Reuse Landfill Trash

The withdraw for RecyclingThis essay has problems with the formatPeople Need to Recycle In the United Sates, where the population is inflated all(prenominal) year. The amount of space for landfills decreases every day. The need for recycling should not be asked, it should just be do knocked out(p) of habit. Everyone in America needs to recycle, to help oneself the lamdfill problem, help the environment, and help produce new products from recycled goods. In America there is about two-hundred and octad tons of residential and commercial trash generated a year, 4.3 pounds per person a day (Prichard 1A). This is an overwhelming amount of trashed produced yearly. When people recycle this number stool be drastically cut. But many people do not practice and use recycling. Consumers and businesses should use the three Rs recycle, reuse, and charge (Prichard 1A). Consumers and businesses are producing more drool than ever before. As a result, we are rapidly running out of landfill s pace. In 1979 America had close to 18,500 landfills, and by 1991 that number was nearly cut in half (Prichard 10A). Kentucky, Ohio, Minnesota, and Illinois will extend their maximum limit on landfills by the year 2005 (Prichard 10A). This whole garbage problem has forced us to try other options. Many of these options digest been very unsuccessful. People have tried burning their garbage, that cause taint to the environment. Some states even resorted to dropping their trash in the ocean, only to have the very same trash float ashore later. Dumping it on other states leads to feuding neighbors. Indiana passed a law to block imports of out-of-state trash, but a federal court ruled the law illegal (Prichard 10A). Instead of seek to find new ways to dump our trash, we need to find b... ...se cans out of our rivers and parks. Everyone should set forth involved with a local recycling program of some(a) sorts. Every city has recycling bins for newspapers, paper, cans, bottles, plastic s, almost everything there is. When people get involved, the landfills, and the environment will all be greatly inproved. So lease the time to recycle and America will truly be a beautiful place to live. Works CitedHall, Cindy. Trash and Back. regular army Today 14 November 1997 1A.Lipkin, Richard. Recycling, King of the Trash Heap. New Tech 26 February 1990 48-49. Pendleton, Scott. Sellers Tickled by fill for Recycled Paper. The Christian Science Monitor 26 August 1997. Prichard, Peter. Bottle-Deposit Laws Fight be and Waste. USA Today 29 April 1990 8A. Prichard, Peter. Trash Glut Demands Recycling Solution. USA Today 19 February 1994 10A.

Tuesday, March 19, 2019

Alternative Approaches to Meeting Peugeot Objectives Essays -- Papers

Alternative Approaches to Meeting Peugeot Objectives Are Peugeot using the shell methods for the line of work they are involved in? Is there a way of improving their efficiency, quality and productivity? We should be able to announce if there is by looking at the theory known as benchmarking. Benchmarking can be defined as imitating the standards of an established leader in quality and attempting to be better them. Benchmarking is a technique employ by some businesses to help them discover the best methods of production available and then pursue them. Benchmarking involves - Finding out what makes the difference, in the customers eyes, between an ordinary supplier and an splendiferous supplier. Setting standards for business operations based on the best devote that can be found. Finding out how these best companies meeting those standards. Applying both competitors standards and, if possible, exceed them. What should be benchmarked? I Wh o should the company benchmark against? I How is the breeding obtained? I How should the information be analysed? I How should the information be used? These are the five main measurings in Benchmarking. The first step is to identify ex maply what the company intends to benchmark. Benchmarks that are important for customer joy might include consistency of product, correct invoices, shorter delivery multiplication, shorter lead times and improved after gross sales service. Peugeot could decide to benchmark better sales figures. What better company to benchmark against than Ford, the leading company in grocery store penetration. If Peugeot were to i... ...ompanies meet those standards. Then Peugeot could apply both standards and their own to meet the tender standard and possibly exceed that excellent customer service standard. collect to Peugeot previous innovations, they were very successful in winning awards for the company, such as the car of the year award the 206 won the best used car award. Also Peugeot were able to produce a world record, producing half a million 206s in three years. As we can see from Peugeots previous success they are very forward-looking and progressive in the car industry. Using every new scientific advantage possible to create that competitive advantage over their rivals. And with policies handle eight airbags as standard Peugeot are a tough act to follow. Especially with such high regards to recycling and safety to the environment.